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Epoch AI's new AI Chip Users explorer separates compute used from compute owned, and puts OpenAI at nearly 20x since 2023
Updated 2026-09-09, the explorer estimates how much compute OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Anthropic, Meta Superintelligence Labs and SpaceXAI actually use for research, training and inference, measured in H100-equivalents. The distinction it draws is the useful part: usage is deliberately separate from ownership, supplementing Epoch's existing AI Chip Sales, AI Chip Owners and Data Centers datasets, so leasing and cloud arrangements do not distort the picture. Epoch estimates OpenAI has grown compute use nearly 20x since 2023, and the full dataset is downloadable as a ZIP.
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